Directions: Read, listen and try to translate. Click on Next to start and to continue. (17 items)
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- بهراد پولدار نیست |
-Behrād isn't rich. |
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-بهراد هست؟ |
Is Behrād around? |
| بهراد حاضر است | Behrād is present. (ast for short copula. Enclitic form does not exist for 3rd singular written style) |
| بهراد حاضر نیست | Behrād is not present (negative copula) |
| خدا هست | God exists (hast for existence |
| وقت نیست | There is no time. We don't have enough time. (negative existence) |
| این خوب است | This is good. (ast for short copula. Enclitic form does not exist for 3rd singular written style) |
| این بد نیست | This is not bad. (negative copula) |
| من دانشجوام | I am a student. (Short copula, enclitic, 1st person singular) |
| من دانشجو هستم | I am a student. (Long copula, hast-am, 1st person singular) |
| آنها دانشجواند | They are students. Literally: They are student. (Note difference with English regarding singular vs plural predicate nominative. (Short copula, enclitic, 3rd plural) |
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غذا نیست؟ |
-There's no food? |
| کتاب خیلی هست | There are many books. There are a lot of books. (Watch singular usage where English would use plural) (existential) |
| کتاب اینجاست | The book is here. (Short copula) (Note spelling convention, alef of ast usually deleted) |
توی جیبم بیست تومان است | In my pocket are twenty tumans (Short copula: Answers questions like, "What is in your pocket?" or "Where is your money?") |
توی جیبم یه بیستتومانی هست | In my pocket are about twenty tumans / In my pocket is a twenty-tuman note. (existential: Answers questions like, "Do you have any money?" or "How much money do you have?") |
| هست موضوع عمده | isPrimaryTopicOf. Tech speak. Normally "hast" is not used as normal, non-emphatic copula in 3rd singular (Other persons ok). Instead "ast" (or -e, spoken) is used. However, see here, for example in technical specifications for FOAF language, definitions of named properties and classes using W3C's RDF technology. http://xmlns.com/foaf/spec/ |